一、高考英語動詞時態題設題特點及應試策略
動詞時態題是高考英語單項選擇題中的一項測試重點。隨着單項題設題語境化因素的進一步強化，動詞時態題在語境中進行測試的這一特點更趨突出，由此給考生的應試增加了一定的難度。結合歷年高考英語試題中動詞時態題，現將其設題特點及應試策略分析如下：
一、題幹中直接性地給定時間狀語，讓考生通過對題幹中所提供的時間狀語及對語境的分析即能作出正確的判斷，從而考查考生對動詞時態基本用法的掌握情況
例1．How can you possibly miss the news？ It ________ on TV all day long.（2004年高考北京卷）
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
解析 選A 該題在語境中測試現在完成時的基本用法。根據語境中說話人前一分句所用動詞時態（can miss）以及選項中所給時間狀語all day long可知，說話人所強調的動作是到現在爲止之前一直在進行的動作，而且還要繼續下去的動作，故該題應選用現在完成時。選項B、C、D顯然不符題意。
例2．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_____. (NMET 2003)
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
解析 選C 該題測試一般過去時在由as引導的時間狀語從句結構中的運用。分析句意可知，as在此引導時間狀語從句，強調“一邊……一邊……”之意。主句的謂語動詞與從句的謂語動詞同時進行，且都發生在過去。這種情況下，as引導的主從句的謂語動詞通常都用一般過去時。
例3．At this time tomorrow _______ over the Atlantic. (NMET2003北京)
A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly
解析 選B 該題測試將來進行時在含有將來時間狀語的句式結構中的運用。分析句中時間狀語at this time tomorrow表示將來具體某一時刻，說明句中謂語動詞是在將來某一時刻要發生的事，且強調正在進行的動作，故應選用將來進行時。
例4．John and I _______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _______ each other a couple of times before that. (NMET 2002春)
A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen
解析 選D 該題題幹長，信息量大，但題幹中提供了具體時間狀語，降低了測試難度。根據上下文語境，第一空句中謂語動詞的動作強調到現在爲止已有8年，故應用現在完成時；第二空句中時間狀語before that，that代指的是we first got to know each other at a Christmas party，強調在過去某點時間之前所發生的事，故應選用過去完成時。
應試策略
解答該類動詞時態題型首先要求考生要加強基礎訓練，夯實運用動詞時態的基本功，要正確認識不同的時間狀語在不同的動詞時態中運用。考生在解答該類題型時，應充分利用題幹中所給時間狀語及所提供的語境，準確把握各個時間狀語在各種不同動詞時態中的運用，正確區分同一個時間狀語在多種時態中的用法，最終作出正確選擇。
實戰演練
1. -How are you today？
-Oh, I ________as ill as I do now for a very long time .
A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
2. -Was the driving pleasant when you were in Shanghai last summer？
-No, it ________ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A. was raining B. would be raining C. have rained D. had been raining
3. The last time I _______ Jane, she _______cotton in the field.
A. had seen; picked B. had seen; was picking C. saw; picked D. saw; was picking
4. -Sorry, I’m late because driving here was slow because of the traffic.
-That’s all right. I ________long.
A. won’t be waiting B. haven’t been waiting C. don’t wait D. didn’t wait
5. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, ________ and perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed
二、題幹中給定時間狀語，但所給時間狀語干擾性強、迷惑性大，考生必須根據上下文語境進行判斷，才能作出解答。該題型着重考查考生對某些時間狀語在特定語境中的動詞時態的特殊運用的掌握情況
例5． I _______while reading the English textbooks. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time. （2004年春季高考北京卷）
A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
解析 選C 分析該題題幹，while reading the English textbooks爲現在分詞作時間狀語，因其沒有明確爲過去時間所發生的動作，還是現在時間所發生的動作，所以，干擾了考生的思維，讓考生產生了定視。不少考生沒有繼續讀完後一分句，沒能看到後一分句中的一般過去時，都認爲前一分句是現在時間所發生的動作，而誤選了選項B、D。實際上，考生在解答該題時，只要能讀完整個題幹，把握住句中動作所發生的時間段，便能作出正確選擇。
例6．Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge？ It will _______fresh for several days. (NMET2003)
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
解析 選B 該題在語境中測試一般將來時、將來進行時以及將來完成時的用法區別。該題的關鍵是句中所提供的時間狀語for several days干擾了考生的思維，不少考生因定勢思維的影響，總認爲介詞for引導的一段時間作狀語，用於完成時的結構中，而誤選了答案D（將來完成時）。事實上，介詞for引導的一段時間作狀語既可用於完成時，也可用於將來時和一般過去式，而將來完成時常用於by 或by the end of引導的時間狀語的句式結構中。
例7．-You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it？
-I’m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.（NMET 02）
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
解析 選D 該題測試一般過去式在語境中的運用。題幹中所提供的時間狀語sooner給考生的思維帶來了很大的干擾性。通常情況下，考生對時間狀語soon理解爲“不久，很快”，故很多考生受其影響，都誤選了選項C（一般將來時）。而sooner在此意爲“先前、早些時候”，強調過去，同時根據答話人的語氣I’m sorry，也說明了對過去所發生事情作出的歉意。所以，應選一般過去時。
例8．He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________from the university next year. (2002 上海)
A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate
解析 選C 該題測試將來時間狀語用於時間狀語從句中，從句中的謂語動詞使用一般現在時代指將來時態的用法。一般情況下，當題中出現了將來時間狀語時，常用一般將來時。但該題中將來時間狀語next year干擾了考生的正常思維，給考生產生了定勢，誤導考生在A、B、C三個選項中徘徊。事實上，當一個狀語從句中出現了將來時間狀語時，主句常用將來時（一般將來時或過去將來時），而從句則用一般時態（一般現在時或一般過去時）或完成時態（現在完成時或過去完成時）。
例9．Shirley ______a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. (NMET1998)
A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
解析 選D 該題測試過去時間狀語與過去進行時態在英語句式中的特殊用法。題中過去時間狀語last year導致了考生的定勢思維，不少考生因此而誤選了選項B（一般過去時）。分析上下文語境可知，選項部分的謂語動詞的動作並非在過去某一時間已經完成，而是指在過去某一時間正在進行，故應選過去進行時。注意：在這一句式結構中，只有延續性動詞纔可與過去時間狀語用於過去進行時，強調在過去某一時間正在進行的動作。
應試策略
解答該類題型時，我們要特別注意不能受題幹中所給時間狀語的迷惑，要注意分析題中所給時間狀語在特定語境中的運用，排除干擾，充分運用題幹中所暗示的條件，根據上下文語境作出正確判斷。
實戰演練
1. -Can I help you, sir？
-Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _________.
A. didn’t work B. won’t work C. can’t work D. doesn’t work
2. Many years ago, Jane ________ in a flat with her grandma for a long period of time.
A. had been living B. had lived C. has been living D. lived
3. -Long time to see. Haven’t you graduated from college？
-Yes. I _______English for four years in Nantong.
A. study B. have studied C. am studying D. studied
4. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the market that they _________.
A. were playing B. were to play C. had played D. played
5. -Hello, Jim. I_____to see you today. Jane said you _____ ill.
-Oh, I’m OK.
A. don’t expect; were B. haven’t expected; are
C. am not expecting; are D. didn’t expect; were
三、題幹中不直接給定時間狀語，句中動詞時態的確定必須完全根據上下文的語境來判斷。着重考查考生對動詞時態在語境中進行使用的分析判斷能力和靈活運用能力
例10．-Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.
-Where was I？
-You _________you didn’t like your father’s job. （2004年春季高考北京卷）
A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying
解析 選C 該題測試過去進行時在特定語境中的運用。根據題幹所提供的情景，題幹中沒有明確的表示過去進行時的時間狀語，考生僅能通過上下文語境及說話人的意圖所指動作發生時間，才能判斷出該動作並非指現在，而是發生在過去且強調在過去某段時間持續的狀態。實際上，答話人說話時，省略了狀語從句(When I interrupted you, ) you were saying you didn’t like your father’s job.故應選用過去進行時。
例11．I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it. (2003上海)
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
解析 選C 該題測試一般過去時在特定語境中的用法。提幹沒有提供任何時間狀語，但分析上下文語境可知，前一併列分句強調在過去某一時刻“認爲將要發生的事”，說明後一併列分句也在過去某一時刻發生（首先排除選項A、D）。該動作又存在在前一併列分句的動作之前發生，故再排除選項B，選答案C（一般過去時），說明與前一分句中主句的謂語動詞thought同時進行。
例12． Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly. (NMET 2001)
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
解析 選A 該題測試現在進行時在特定語境中的用法。題幹中沒有提供表示進行時的時間狀語，考生只有通過上下文語境，才能作出選擇。題幹中主句爲一般現在時，分析從句意義可知，句中謂語動詞爲現在且強調正在進行的動作，故應選現在進行時。
例13．I _______ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
解析 選D 該題測試一般現在時在特定語境中的運用。從題幹中可以看出，沒有明確的用於一般現在時的時間狀語，考生在解答該題時，只有通過分析上下文語境，才能得知選項動詞的動作並非發生在過去或將來，也沒有任何完成之意義，而是強調動作現狀的一般行爲，故應選一般現在時。
例14．-You have left the light on.
-Oh, so I have. ________and turn it off. (NMET2000)
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
解析 選A 該題不僅測試一般將來時在特定語境中的運用，同時還測試了will do 與be going to do的用法區別。題幹中沒有表示將來的時間狀語，但分析上下文語境可知，該動作並非已經發生，而是表示將要發生的事，故應選一般將來時。但選項A、D都爲將來時結構，考生必須在弄清兩者之間的區別，即will do強調臨時決定將要發生的事，而be going to do強調過去已計劃過的將要發生的事，才能作出正確選擇。
例15．The price _______, but I doubt whether it will remain so. (NMET1999)
A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was gone down
解析 選C 該題測試現在完成時在特定語境的運用。分析題幹，儘管句中沒有表示現在完成時的時間狀語，但根據後一併列分句句意可知，選項部分動詞動作是強調從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續到現在或可能還要繼續下去，故應選現在完成時。
應試策略
解答該類題型時，要注意根據上下文中所給特定語境條件，分析說話人的意圖，推斷句中動作所發生的時間段，充分利用題幹中所提供的其他動詞時態暗示條件，結合四個選項動詞時態，進行綜合分析，作出正確判斷。
實戰演練
1. -Don’t smoke, Victor. You are a student anyway.
-Well, no one ________me but you at home, Mum. Just this time, OK？
A. saw B. is seeing C. has seen D. sees
2. Hurry! The train ________. You know it _________ at 8:30a.m.
A. leaves; leaves B. is leaving; leaves C. leaves; is leaving D. is leaving; is leaving
3. I don’t really work here; I ________until the new secretary arrives.
A. just help out B. has just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out
4. -who is Jerry Cooper？
-________？ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.
A. Don’t you meet him yet B. Hadn’t you met him yet
C. Didn’t you meet him yet D. Haven’t you met him yet
5. -Oh, it’s you! I ________you.
-I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
A. didn’t recognize B. hadn’t recognized C. haven’t recognized D. don’t recognize
Key: 一、1-5 DDDBC 二、1-5 DDDBD 三、1-5 DBCDA
二、研讀高考試題，掌握被動語態
被動語態多年來一直是高考考查的重點，近幾年來以考查其與動詞的各種形式相結合的題型爲主，並且體現在上下文語境當中，這就增加了試題的難度。因此，要做好被動語態試題除了掌握被動語態的基本含義、基本構成之外，還要注意將被動語態的用法放在具體的語言情境中去運用。本文將對近幾年高考考查的被動語態問題，作一簡單的分析，希望能對同學們有所幫助。
與一般現在時的聯合考查
If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A．are not kept；will have to B．are not kept；have
C．do not keep；will have to D．do not keep；have to
解析：
這是一個由if引導的條件狀語從句構成的複合句，表示目前的情況，故從句用一般現在時，主句用將來時，排除B、D項，然後根據句意，選A項。
與現在進行時的聯合考查
A new cinema ____ here．They hope to finish it next month．
A．will be built B．is built C．has been built D．is being built
解析：
只要明白本句的意思，可知答案爲D項。
與過去時態的聯合考查
When ____ the education system of China and Britain，the professor gave no answer．
A．asking to compare B．asked him to compare C．asked to compare D．asked him to compare
解析：
從本句結構來看， when引導的時間狀語從句爲一省略結構，補全從句應爲：When the professor was asked to compare．．．故選C項。
與完成時態的聯合考查
- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
-Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A．I've been told B．I've told C．I'm told D．I told
解析：
“我”只能“被告知”，可排除B、D項；又據下文來看“我被告知”的動作已發生，故選A項。
與不定式的聯合考查
He claimed ____ in the supermarket when he was doing some shopping yesterday．
A．being badly treated B．treating badly C．to treated badly D．to have been badly treated
解析：
當claim表示“聲稱”時，後面跟不定式結構，故排除A、B項。又根據上下文語境推斷出選項中的動作已完成，故選D項。
與動名詞的聯合考查
What worried the child was ____ to visit his mother in the hospital．
A．his not allowing B．his not being allowed C．his being not allowed D．having not been allowed
解析：
動名詞在句中作表語，且從語法上講，在這裏應使用動名詞的被動語態形式，故選B項。
與過去分詞的聯合考查
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ next month．
A．carried out B．carrying out C．carry out D．to carry out
解析：
該句中關係代詞that引導一個定語從句修飾先行詞the plan，carry out與plan之間爲被動關係，故選A項。
三、近年高考中的時、語態題
1. --- You've left the light on.
--- Oh , so I have .________and turn it off. （2000全國）（A）
A．I'll go B．I've gone C．I go D．I'm going
2. --- How are you today?
--- Oh , I ___________as ill as I do now for a very long time. （2000全國）（D）
A．didn't fell B．wasn't feeling C．don't fell D．haven't felt
3. The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it. （2000全國）（A）
A．was travelling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel.
4. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ________ to his old ways. （2000北京春季）（A）
A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned
5. --- You're drinking too much.
--- Only at home. No one ________ me but you. （2000北京春季）（C）
A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw
6. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________ so rapidly. （01全國）（A）
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
7. I _________ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
（01全國）（D）
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
8. Visitors_________ not to touch the exhibits. （01全國）（D）
A. will request B. request .C. are requesting D. are requested
9. The men will have to wait all day______ the doctor works faster. （01北京春季）（B）
A．if B．unless C．whether D．that
10. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true. （01北京春季）（C）
A．he B．this C．which D．who
11. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? （01北京春季）（B）
-Yes, I gave it to her _______ I saw her.
A．while B．the moment C．suddenly D．once
12. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was? （01北京春季）（D）
A．where B．what C．how D．which
13. - You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
- I'm sorry I _________ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it's pretty on you.
（02全國） 【Ｄ】
Ａ．wasn't saying Ｂ．don't say-ぃ茫畐on't say Ｄ．didn't say
14. I wonder why Jenny _________ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
（02 全國） 【Ａ】
Ａ．hasn't written-ぃ攏甦oesn't write-ぃ茫畐on't write-ぃ模甴adn't written
15. The little girl ______ her heart out because she ______ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t
ever going to find it. （02北京）（B）
A. had cried; lost B. cried; had lost
C. has cried; has lost D. cries; has lost
16. ― Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?
― Of course. What is it?
― I ______ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. （02北京）（B）
A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder
17. John and I friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we each other a couple of times before that. （02北京春季）（D）
A. had been; have seen B have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D have been; had seen
18. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He trying to save a child in the earthquake. （02北京春季）（C）
A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing
19. - How are the team playing?
- They’re playing well, but one of them hurt. （02北京春季）（A）
A. got B. gets C. are D. were
20. - Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to…
- Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and you forget it! （03全國卷）（D）
A．do B．didn’t C．did D．don’t
21. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness . （03全國卷）（C）
A．has grown B．is growing C．grew D．had grown
22. At this time tomorrow ______________ over the Atlantic. （03北京）（B）
A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly
23. --- ______David and Vicky __________ married?
--- For about three years. （03北京）（C）
A. How long were … being B. How long have … got
C. How long have … been D. How long did … get
24. The news came as no surprise to me. I ______ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. （03北京）（A）
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
25. Come and see me whenever _______. （03北京）（C）
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient
26. - How long at this job?
- Since 1990. （03北京春季）（B）
A．were you employed B．have you been employed
C．had you been employed D．will you be employed
27. - When will you come to see me, Dad?
- I will go to see you when you the training course. （03北京春季）（D）
A．will have finished B．will finish
C．are finishing D．finish
28. --- What’s that terrible noise?
--- The neighbours ______ for a party. （04北京）(B)
A have prepared B are preparing C prepare D will prepare
29. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. （04北京）(B)
A had considered B has been considering
C considered D is going to consider
30. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ______ by 2006. （04北京）(C)
A has been completed B has completed
C will have been completed D will have completed
31. --- What were you doing when Tony phoned you?
--- I had just finished my work and ______ to take a shower. （04天津）(D)
A had started B started C have started D was starting
32. The crazy fans patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived. （04重慶）(B)
A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait
33. She her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job. （04重慶）(C)
A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing
34. More patients ___________ in hospital this year than last year. （04江蘇）(D)
A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated
35. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people_____to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. （04江蘇）(B)
A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
36. The discussion ____ alive when an interesting topic was brought in. （04浙江）(D)
A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came
37. Because the shop _____, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. （04浙江）(C)
A. has closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down
38. - You were out when I dropped in at your house.
- Oh, I _______ for a friend from England at the airport. （04福建）(A)
A．was waiting B．had waited C．am waiting D．have waited
39. - The window is dirty. - I know. It _____ for weeks. （04廣西） （D）
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
40. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy families （04湖南）（A）
A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen
41. --- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
--- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ? （04湖南） （D）
A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left
42．He kept looking at her , wondering whether he her somewhere . （04湖北） (D)
A．saw B．has seen C．sees D．had seen
43．-George and Lucy got married last week . Did you go to their wedding ?
-No , I . Did they have a big wedding ? （04湖北） (C)
A．was not invited B．have not been invited
C．hadn’t been invited D．didn’t invite
44．It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) the world leading inventor for sixty years . （04遼寧） (D)
A．would be B．has been C．had been D．was
45. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945. and their power ______ increased enormously ever since. （04上海） (C)
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
46. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly it people _______ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （04上海） (D)
A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded
47. Let’s keep to the point or we ______ any decisions. （04全國I） (A)
A will never reach B have never reached
C never reach D never reached
48. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I’m afraid I ______ half of it. （04全國I） (D)
A was missing B had missed C will miss D missed
49. --- Has Sam finished his homework today?
--- I have no idea. He______ it this morning. （04全國II） (C)
A did B has come C was doing D had done
50. I ______ you not to move my dictionary---now I can’t find it. （04全國II） (A)
A asked B ask C was asking D had asked
51. According to the art dealer, the painting______ to go for at least a million dollars. （04全國II） (A)
A is expected B expects C expected D is expecting
52. --- Thank goodness, you’re here! What______ you?
--- Traffic jam. （04全國IV） （D）
A keeps B is keeping C had kept D kept
53. How can you possibly miss the news? It _______ on TV all day long. （04北京春季）（A）
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
54. － Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.
－ Where was I?
－ You ______ you didn’t like your father’s job. （04北京春季）（C）
A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying
55. I arrived late; I _____ the road to be so icy. （04北京春季）（C）
A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected
C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting
56. I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time! （04北京春季）（C）
A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
57. Although he has lived with us for years, he __ us much impression. （04上海春季）（C）
A. hadn't left B. didn't leave C. doesn't leave D. hasn't left
58. He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15? (05北京卷) (D)
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
59. Scientists think that the continents __________ always where they _________ today. (05北
京卷) (C)
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
60. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him. (05北京卷) (A)
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
61. --– Why did you leave that position?
--- I __________ a better position at IBM. (05北京卷) (D)
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
62. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill. (05廣東卷) (B)
A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
63. The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister's car. (05廣東卷) (C)
A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be
64. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain. （05湖北卷）(A)
A．started ;had already hidden B．had started ;had already hidden
C．had started ;was hiding D．was starting; hid
65. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. （05湖北卷）(B)
A．were deciding B．have decided C．decided D．will decide
66. -– If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
--- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you. (05湖南卷) (B)
A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
67. They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ________ it as no good results have come out so far. (05江蘇卷) (A)
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
68. - Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
- Oh! I thought they ______ without me. (05江西卷) (D)
A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone
69. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ___________? (05全國卷3) (C)
A．did they speak B．were they speaking
C．are they speaking D．have they been speaking
70. － Did you tell Julia about the result?
－ Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now. (05全國卷3) (B)
A．will be calling B．will call C．call D．am to call
71. - What would you do if it ______ tomorrow?
- We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready. （05全國卷1）(B)
A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining
72. The hero’s story differently in the newspapers. （05全國卷1）(A)
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
73. The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste like anything I _____ before. （05全國卷1）(C)
A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had
74. More than a dozen students in that school _______ around to study medicine last year. （05上海卷）(B)
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
75. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _______ down to eat our picnic lunch. （05上海卷）(D)
A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat
76. My brother is an actor. He _________ in several films so far. （05浙江卷）(C)
A．appears B．appeared C．has appeared D．is appearing
77. - Are you still busy?
- Yes, I _________ my work, and it won’t take long. （05浙江卷）(C)
A．just finish B．am just finishing C．have just finished D．am just going to finish
78. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each year. （05山東卷）(D)
A. is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
79. - What’s wrong with your coat?
- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it. （05重慶卷）(D)
A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting
80. - What are you going to do this afternoon?
- I am going to die cinema with some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we____ to the bookstore after that. （05重慶卷）(C)
A. finished; are going B. finished ; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
81. Millions of pounds' worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last nigh （05重慶卷）(A)
A. has been caused B. had been caused
C. will be caused D. will have been caused
82. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting. (05天津卷) (C)
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left
83. The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing. （05安徽卷）(B)
A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
84. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she __________. （05遼寧卷）(C)
A．has done B．had done C．was doing D．is doing
85. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. （05遼寧卷）(B)
A．was called B．is called C．had been called D．has been called
86. They have a good knowledge of English but little _______they know about German. （05天津卷）(D)
A. have B. did C. had D. do
87. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People _____ to ask how I am going to spend the money. （05湖南卷）(D)
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
88. When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He ________ her before.
（05北京春季）（B）
A. never saw B. had never seen C. never sees D. has never seen
89. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment ________ . （05北京春季）（D）
A. is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged
90. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. ________ ? （05北京春季）（A）
A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished
C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish
91. ________ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. （05北京春季）（C）
A. I’d phoned B. I’ve been phoning
C. I’ve phoned D. I was phoning
四、時、語態強化練習
1. I can guess you were in a hurry. You ＿＿ your sweater inside out.
A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing
2. - We ＿＿ that you would fix the TV set this week.
- I’m sorry. I ＿＿ to, but I’ve been too busy.
A. had expected； had intended B. are expecting； had intended
C. expect； intend D. expected； intend
3. He will stop showing off, if no notice ＿＿ of him.
A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken
4. - It is said that another new car factory＿＿now.
- Yeah. It ＿＿one and a half years.
A. is building； takes B. is being built； will take
C. is built； will take D. is being built； takes
5. - I’m sorry, but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.
- You ＿＿ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing
6. - Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty!
- Mum, I ＿＿ my storeroom downstairs。
A. cleaned B. have worked C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning
7. They won’t buy new clothes because they＿＿money to buy a color TV set.
A. save B. are saving C. has saved D. were saving
8. Good heavens! There you are! We＿＿anxious about you, and we ＿＿you back throughout the night.
A. are； expect B. were； had expected
C. have been；were expecting D. are； were expecting
9. I’ve finally finished my paper and it ＿＿ me an entire month.
A. takes B. took C. was taken D. had taken
10. The traffic in our city is already good and it ＿＿even better.
A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting
11. - Has Jack finished his homework yet?
- I have no idea；he ＿＿it this morning.
A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did
12. - I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.
- I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I＿＿my guests in my office.
A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met
13. - Alice came back home the day before yesterday.
- Really ? Where ＿＿ ?
A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone
14. John and I＿＿friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we＿＿ each other a couple of times before that.
A. had been； have met B. have been； have met
C. had been； had met D. have been； had met
15. I ＿＿ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
16. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I ＿＿ my mum.
A. take B. am taking C. have taken D. will have taken
17. - You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
- I’ m sorry I ＿＿ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
18. - Where ＿＿?
- I got stuck in the heavy traffic. I ＿＿ here earlier.
A. did you go； had arrived B. have you been； would have been
C. were you； would come D. are you； was
19. I know Mr Brown；we ＿＿ to each other at an international conference.
A. are introduced B. have been introduced
C. were introduced D. had been introduced
20. -Where do you think＿＿he＿＿the computer?
- Sorry. I have no idea.
A. has ； bought B.／ ； bought C. did ； buy D. had ； bought
21. - I＿＿to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.
- Why don’t you have a dress made for the party?
A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked
22. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy, who＿＿without warning and bringing us presents.
A. always turned up B. has always turned up
C. was always turning up D. was always turned up
23. - What do you think of this kind of TV set, which ＿＿ in Shanghai?
- Well, I don’t care such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
24. - Tom, did Mr. Li join you in your discussion?
- No, he＿＿, but he happened to have fallen ill.
A. would like to B. will C. was to have D. was going to join
25. - Did he notice you enter the room?
- I don’t think so. He＿＿to the radio with his eyes shut.
A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened
26. The plane ＿＿ at 7:00 p.m., so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.
A. has left B. is to leave C. will have left D. leaves
27. The train ＿＿＿＿＿ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight.
A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be going
28. Look at this! I＿＿some magazines and＿＿this letter.
A. was looking through； found B. am looking through； find
C. looked through； had found D. had looked through； finding
29. - ＿＿you ＿＿ the editor at the airport?
- No, he ＿＿ away before my arrival.
A. ； has driven B. ； was driven
C. ； had been driven D. ； had driven
30. - Can you give me the right answer?
- Sorry, I ＿＿d you repeat that question?
A. hadn’t listened B. haven’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening
31. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I ＿＿coffee.
A. prefer B. preferred C. have preferred D. am preferring
32. - Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer?
- No, it ＿＿ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A. was raining B. had been raining C. would be raining D. rained
33. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They＿＿too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked
34. - Remember the first time we met, Jim?
- Of course I do. You ＿＿ in the library.
A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read
35. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ＿＿ the cloth ＿＿ well.
A. have told； washes B. have been told； washes
C. was told； washed D. have been told； is washed
36. - What were you up to when your parents came in?
- I＿＿for a while and＿＿some reading.
A. was playing； was going to do B. played； did
C. had played； was going to do D. had played； did
37. - Sorry, I forget to post the letter for you.
- Never mind, ＿＿ it myself tonight.
A. I’m going to post B. I’ve decided to post C. I’ll post D. I’d rather post
38. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but ＿＿.
A. I’m not invited B. I was not invited
C. I have not been invited D. I had not been invited
39. - Is Tom still smoking?
- No. By next Saturday he ＿＿ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
A. will go B. will have gone C. will have been D. has been going
40. All but one ＿＿ take part in the conference ＿＿ tomorrow.
A. is going to； that is to take place B. are going to； that is about to take place
C. are going to； that is to be taken place D. are going to； which is to be held
41. - Are you a visitor here?
- That’s right. I＿＿round the world and now my dream of coming to China＿＿true.
A. have traveled； has come B. was traveling； had been come
C. am traveling； has come D. have traveled； has been come
42. - ＿＿ Betty this morning?
- Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.
A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see
43. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never＿＿ him talk so much.
A. I heard B. did I hear C. I had heard D. had I heard
44. The children ＿＿very quiet；I wonder what they ＿＿up to.
A. were； are being B. are being；are C. are；do D. are being；do
45. - Look at the black clouds. It ＿＿ soon.
- Sure. If only we ＿＿out.
A. is raining； didn’t come B. is to rain； won’t start
C. will rain； haven’t started D. is going to rain； hadn’t come
46. He ＿＿articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he ＿＿about forty articles.
A. has been writing； has written B. has been writing； wrote
C. is writing； has been writing D. has written； has written
47. She ＿＿ to the office than she got down to writing the report.
A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got
C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got
48. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge ＿＿from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.
A. was coming B. had come C. comes D. would come
49. In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they＿＿.
A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming
C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt
50. - What’s the matter?
- The shoes don’t fit properly. They＿＿＿＿my feet.
A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt
1 ~ 20: DAABC DBCBD ACBDD BDBCB
21 ~ 40: DCBCB DDACD ABAAB CCBBD
41 ~ 50: CADBD ADCCA
動詞時態、語態專練50題參考答案及簡析
1.D。can guess 這一現在猜測是建立在眼前所見情景的基礎上的，故用現在進行時。
2.A。expect, intend, want, wish, hope, plan 等動詞的過去完成式可表示過去未曾實現的想法、願望、打算等。
3.A。如主句用將來時，在時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中要用一般現在時表示將來。又因if 從句是take notice of...的被動語態結構，故選A。
4.B。根據主語與build之間的被動關係和now， 可知要選現在進行時的被動語態；因工廠正在修建，花費一年半應指將來。
5.C。shouldn’ t have done 表示“過去本不應……”。You did lose your temper 是You lost your temper 的強調形式。
6.D。現在完成進行時表示從過去某時到現在一直在進行的動作。
7.B。句意爲：他們（現在）不願買新衣服，因爲他們在攢錢買電視。由此可見，攢錢是現階段正在進行的動作。
8.C。擔心是從過去某時到說話時爲止一直在進行的動作，用現在完成時；expect 是在過去某一段時間裏（整個晚上）正在進行的動作，故用過去進行時。
9.B。論文已完成，花費一個月時間應指過去；某事花費某人多少時間用s time 結構。
10.D。交通現在已經好了，在此基礎上正在變得更好。
11.A。題乾沒有構成“過去的過去”，不可選B。如選C、D則表示動作已完成，與have no idea相矛盾。過去進行時表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在進行的動作，不涉及結果，正好附合題幹語境。
12.C。by then 是指將來的時間狀語，排除A。再由句意可知，meet指的是到了十點鐘時將正在進行的動作。
13.B。問句問的是前天回來之前去了哪兒，故用過去完成時。注意had gone表示人未回來，與第一句相矛盾。
14.D。for＋時間段表示從過去某時延續至今的動作或狀態，用現在完成時；meet發生在got to know 這一過去動作之前，用過去完成時。
15.D。用一般現在時表示現在的特徵或狀態。
16.B。come, go, leave, arrive, take 等動詞常用進行時表砂將來。
17.D。表示過去沒有做某事應用去時。又因句子沒有"過去正在進行 "之意，幫排除A。
18.B。問對方"去了哪裏"，指的是從過去某時到現在爲止的動作，用現在完成時；第二個空格是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣和主句，條件狀語從句If I hadn’ t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略。
19.C。在一個國際會議上被介紹顯然發生在過去。
20.B。此句爲複雜特殊疑問句結構，即“疑問詞＋do you think (believe, suppose, expect, imagine, say, consider, guess等）＋其它（陳述語序）?”。
21.D。由but 分句中的現在時和答語所提建議內容，可知應選現在完成時的被動語態。
22.C。 always, often, constantly, forever, all the time 等副詞與現在（過去）進行時連用，表示某種反覆發生的動作，往往帶有厭惡、不滿、責備或讚揚等意味。
23.B。這種電視產於上海是客觀事實，故用一般現在時。
24.C。C項是was to have joined us in our discussion 的省略形式。was／were ＋ to have done表示原來計劃、安排要做的事，而實際上並沒有做。
25.B。當時他在聽收音機。
26.D。表示按時刻表或日程安排要發生的事,應用一般現在時。
27.D。從句用的是一般現在時，故主句要用將來時。將來進行時表示在將來某一時刻或某段時間內正在進行的動作。
28.A。Look at this!說明東西已找到。緊接着說是怎樣找到的。
29.C。根據答語，問句中的meet是過去發生的動作，可排除A、D。但不能選B，因爲沒有構成“過去的過去”。答語中用過去完成時的被動語態表示在我到達（過去動作）之前他已被人用車接走。
30.D。“沒聽”發生在對方（過去）問問題時，故用過去進行時。
31.A。此題選A表示現在的特徵或狀態。prefer屬表示心理狀態的動詞，不能用於進時。
32.B。表示在過去某一動作之前一直在進行，並有可能繼續下去的動作，要用過去完成進行時。
33.A。cook發生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且與主語之間有被動關係，故用過去完成時的被動語態。
34.A。read 發生在the first time we met之時, 故用過去進行時。
35.B。動詞wash, lock, sell, wear, write read, open, shut, clean等動詞的主語是物，且又表示主語的特徵或狀態時，要用主動形式表示被動意義。
36.C。play 在came in 之前已完成，而do some reading 的動作則即將開始。
37.C。will／shall ＋v.表示臨時的決定，而be going to 表示已決定或安排要做的事。
38.B。would ／ should like ＋ to have done表示過去未曾實現的願望，故“未受邀請”應用一般過去時的被動語態。
39.B。by 後跟將來的時間狀語時，主句要用將來完成時。go without 意爲“在缺……的情況下對付”。
40.D。all but one 主語是all，且all在此指人，故謂語動詞用複數；take place 屬不及物動詞短語，無被動語態；be about to後面不能跟具體的時間狀語。
41.C。由對話情景可知，“周遊世界”是現在正在進行的動作，而“實現”是到說話時爲止已完成的動作；come true不能用於被動語態。
42.A。詢問到說話時爲止一段時間內某動作是否發生，要用現在完成時。
43.D。hear 發生在talked這一過去動作之前；never是含有否定意義的副詞，放在句首時，句子應用倒裝語序。
44.B。be用於進行時可表示一個暫時的特點或表現。What they are up to相當於What they are doing。
45.D。根據目前跡象判斷將要發生的動作用be going to；if only 意爲“但願”，其後的句子用虛擬語氣。
46.A。由these three years可知應選現在完成進行時，表示“寫”從過去一直延續至今，並有可能繼續下去；“寫了40 篇”用現在完成時，表示到現在爲止已完成的動作。
47.D。no 和hardly(scarcely) 均表示“一……就……”，且主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。
48.C。賓語從句表示的是客觀事實。
49.C。dream是從過去某時開始一延續到are woken asked to report...這一現在動作之前的動作，故用現在完成進行時。
50.A。由What’ s the matter 和don’ t fit 可知，hurt是現在正在進行的動作。
