1. The local landowner took an interest in the young boy and paid for his schooling. 當地的一個的地主對這個孩子很感興趣，並給他付了學費。take / have / show an interest in… 對……有 / 顯示了興趣; lose interest in… 對……失去了興趣; e.g. Her stepmother had / took no interest in her. 她的繼母對她不好。 Tom is interested in / has an interest in sports while his sister likes music. 湯姆喜歡體育而他的妹妹則喜歡音樂。interest n. 利益 (用複數形式)；興趣 (不可數名詞)；但是可以和an 連用，加s時爲多種興趣。 vt. 使某人對感興趣； e.g. My friend Alice has many interests 我的朋友愛麗斯有各種各樣的興趣。We must at all times put the interests of the people before everything else. 任何時候我們都必須把人民的利益放在首位。This new method will certainly interest you. 這種新方法肯定會讓你感興趣的。
2. In 1759 the French army was defending the city of Quebec, which stood high on a rock above the St. Lawrence River. 1759年法國軍隊正守衛着魁北克城，這座城位於聖勞倫斯河岩層上。defend vt. 保衛；防衛；defend …from / against….防禦……； e.g. We must defend ourselves against the enemy. 我們必須防禦入侵之敵。They are defending the village from floods. 他們正在防洪，保衛村莊。It is our duty to defend our country when she is invaded. 當國家遭到侵略時，保衛祖國是我們的職責。
3. …where the British army could land safely and take the enemy by surprise. 在那兒英國軍隊安全登陸並出其不意地襲擊了敵人。take…by surprise 1). 突襲……; 出奇兵攻佔……; 2). 使……吃驚; e.g. Japanese army took Pearl Harbour by surprise in 1941. 一九四一年日軍突襲了珍珠港。His answer took us by surpris. 他的回答使我們吃驚。 to one’s surprise = to the surprise of sb.使某人感到驚奇的是; in surprise 驚奇地； e.g. On hearing the strange sound, the boy looked up in surprise. 聽到這奇怪的響聲，這男孩子驚奇地擡起頭來。
4. After the war, Cook married and set up home in London. 戰後，庫克結了婚，在倫敦安了家。 set up home 安家；成家； e.g. The young man wanted to set up home in Kuitun. 那個年輕人想在奎屯安家。
5. The navy was planning an expedition to the South Pacific Ocean with the purpose of watching a very unusual event. 當時英國海軍正在籌劃着一次去南太平洋的遠征，目的是觀察一次不平凡的事件。with the purpose of doing sth. 具有……的目的; e.g. We held an English speech contest with the purpose of improving the students’ spoken English. 我們舉行了英語演講比賽目的在於提高學生的英語口語。Mr. Chen gave me a lot of books with the purpose of helping me with my English. 陳老師給了我許多書，目的在於幫助我學習英語。
6. Cook was to be in charge of the expedition as captain of the ship Endeavour. 庫克作爲“奮力”號船長負責率領這支探險隊。in charge of 管理；負責 (具有
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主動概念)；由……管理；在……管理下 (具有被動概念) e.g. Miss Ma is in charge of our class. = Our class is in the charge of Miss Ma. 馬老師負責管理我們班級。
7. He therefore loaded the ship with litres of vinegar for the purpose of cleaning the
inside of the ship. 因此，他在船上裝了大量的醋，用來清洗內部。load vi. 裝載；load…with…. 用(物品)裝載……；load up 裝滿；e.g. We loaded the truck with many things. 我們往車上裝了好多東西。n. 負擔；重載；We have helped to take a load off his mind. 我們幫助他們消除了思想負擔。 for the purpose of = with the purpose of 爲了……的目的; e,g. For what purpose do you want to go to London? 你爲何目的要去倫敦？on purpose 故意地；有意地； e.g. He has left the book here on purpose for you to read. 他把書放在這兒目的是讓你看的。 He came here on purpose to borrow money from you. = He came here for the purpose of borrowing money from you. 他來這裏是找你借錢的。
8. The ship carried a total of 94 people, including scientists. 包括科學家在內，船上共載有94人。a total of 總共；共計； e.g. Our expense this mouth reached a total of 4000 yuan. 我們家這個月的支出總計達4000元。 including prep. 包含；包括……在內； (having as a part) e.g. There are sixty persons in the classroom today, including me / myself. 包括我自己在內，今天教室裏有60 人。 included adj. 包括；包括在內；(用於名詞，代詞之後) e.g. There are sixty persons in the classroom today, myself / me included. 包括我自己在內，今天教室裏有60人。**** include vt. 包含；包括； 它與contain的區別在於： contain 側重於包含的“內容”和“成分”，而 include則表示包含的“範圍”。請比較並體會：This book contains all the information you need. 這本書包含了你所需要的所有信息。Our seven-day / ten-city tour included a visit to Nanking. 我們的“七日遊”/“十城市旅遊”包括了南京。
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