完形填空既是題幹語篇化的單項填空，又是選項單詞化語法化的閱讀理解，所以它是架在單項填空和閱讀理解之間的一座橋樑，它既要求有正確的閱讀理解能力，又要求有紮實的語法、詞彙和文化知識積累，是一種全面考查考生全面語言運用能力的綜合題型，它的重要性怎麼說都不爲過。目前，完形填空一直是學生頭疼的題型。怎麼辦呢？
一、近年完形填空的命題趨勢
1、突出語篇。
2、試題型穩定，選項獨具匠心。
3、辨析詞義，以實詞爲主。
4、記敘文爲主，且第一句不設空
5、生詞量有增無減。
6、長句增加，句式靈活，結構複雜。
實例說明：
詞彙考查
Eg：“Okay, now watch carefully,” and then he pulled out a wild-mouth jar and set it on the __23__ in front of him……
The expert replied, “Really?” He __28__under the table and pulled out bucket of stone.
（ ）23. A. board B. chair C. floor D. table
（ ）hed B. extended C. fetched D. inched
語法句法考查
Eg：Of course he did not understand a thing,but he nodded his head as if he_______.
rstood d
篇章結構：
Eg：He appeared calm,____inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.
rwise
習語搭配
Eg：Without _42_ into consideration our means and abilities for a particular business, we should not run thoughtlessly into it.
42. ting ng ging king
邏輯條理
Eg：While I studied at school, I felt a great diffuculty in learning my Latin translations. I was always very _1_ in using a dictionary, and _2_ it most difficult, while to other boys it seemed no _3_.
k
d
ble erence ur y
二、 完型的特點及應試技巧
1. 完形填空的短文通常沒有標題，且文章的首句和尾句一般不設空，要特別注重對首、尾句的理解，因爲它們往往提示或點明文章的主題，對理解全文有較大幫助。
2. 第一遍通讀帶有空缺單詞的短文時可能一時把握不住短文內容，弄不清頭緒，這是很正常的。此時要注意克服畏難情緒和急躁心理，應穩定情緒，再將短文讀一、二遍，直到明確大意爲止。
3. 做題時切勿一看到一個空格就急着選出一個答案，這樣往往只見樹木不見森林。由於缺乏全局觀念，極易導致連續選錯。因爲完形填空不同於單個句子的選詞填空，其空白處是位於一篇文章之中，因此必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮。
4. 每篇完形填空所設的空多以實詞爲主，所提供的四個備選項中只有一個是正確的，其它三項均爲干擾項。而干擾項也多半與前、後的句子或詞組可以形成某種搭配，即如單從語法角度判斷則無法確定，還必須從語篇意義上加以鑑別。
5. 動筆時先易後難，先完成容易、有把握的答案，這樣可以增強自信心，然後再集中精力解決難點。對於實在無法確定的，可以從文中同樣結構或類似結構中尋找提示，大膽地作出猜測。在不能確定答案的情況下，要憑語感和第一感覺。一經確定的答案不要輕易改動。
6. 結合生活常識和中西方文化及上下文選出最佳答案。
三、學生所面臨的問題：
1.抓不住文章的主旨大意，在理解上出現或大或小的偏差。
2.易受定勢思維的影響。有些學生一看到自己比較熟悉的語法結構、句子、短語，便不假思索地去選，而忽視了對特定語境的理解，最終導致錯誤的產生。
3.詞彙量小，基礎知識不紮實，理解與分析能力差。
4.普遍對完形填空存在厭倦恐懼的心理，做題時疲於應付，無法真正發揮其實際的解題能力。
四、如何做好完形填空題
正確的答題步驟
1、瀏覽全文,掌握文章的中心及脈絡;
a. 應用閱讀技能,進行缺詞閱讀.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每個段落的首句.
2、分段落實,逐個填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配與習慣表達,基本句型等較容易的空格.
b. 對語境和語義還不太明朗的空格要反覆推敲,力爭突破難點.
3、通讀全文,檢查覈對.
適當的答題技巧
1、照應，瞻前顧後聯繫全文。
例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.
1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired
2. A. took B. minded C. missed D. picked
3. A. rolling B. passing C. dropping D. turning
2、積累，掌握固定搭配的用法與同義詞的辨析。
The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had
2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
3、分清邏輯關係，注意文中分類、對比、從屬、並列等關係所用的詞語.
It has been many years since I was last in London煟擼擼擼擼逫 still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
4、化簡句子，突破長句的理解。
But Ella Fant, who was filed with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, 〝Look at 2 ﹗ They‘re all out of 3 except my John﹗ Isn’t he the best﹗〞
1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret
2. A. them B. those C. that D. him
3. A. sight B. order C. mind D. step
5、充分利用你的常識。
The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had
2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
五、實踐演練
設計10小題完形填空試題
閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然後從1-10各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳答案。
It took George quite a while to find a 1 place for his car and in the end he had to leave it in a narrow street, 2 from the dentist’s. As he got out, he glanced at his watch . His appointment was at five and he still had twenty minutes to spare. He crossed into the square and 3 on a bench, partly to enjoy the last of the afternoon sun, 4 to calm his nerves . He hated these visits to the dentist.
As he sat there, watching the children at play and 5 to the old women talking to each other, he turned around to see a red car like his own come out of the 6 where he had parked. The car gathered speed and was soon out of sight. George 7 in his pockets for the keys: They were not there. “My car!” he cried in a loud voice, which made several people stare at him. He got up and ran across the 8 and then down the narrow street. His car was not to be seen-but then he discovered it concealed 9 a large one. He was relieved to find his 10 still in his car.
1. A. leaving B. parking（停車） C. wide D. special
2. A. in a way B. far away C. some way D. near
3. A. stopped B. stepped C. stood D. sat down
4. A. but also B. so C. in order D. for
5. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listened
6. A. car B. place C. street D. way
7. A. looked B. felt C. found D. searched
8. A. square B. hospital C. street D. bench
9. A. with B. behind C. after D. In
10. A. bags B. money C. keys D. card
命題思路：1.B. 考察上下文。爲車子找“停車”的地方。從下文的where he had parked中亦能得到暗示。
2.C. 喬治是駕車到牙科診所治病的，故不可能將車停在離診所很遠的地方，由於診所附近沒有合適的停車之處，因此，只能將車停在離診所有一段距離的一條街上。
3.D. 根據行文邏輯可以推知。另外，下一節首句再現了sat一詞。
4.A 對partly…進行補充說明。
5.B 通過分析句子意義和結構，可知listening是喬治發生的動作，故應和watching並列用作伴隨狀語。
6.C. 考察上下文。他是在那條“街”上停的車。
7.B. 在口袋中“摸”鑰匙，不是“尋找”。
8.A. 由上文He crossed into the square…可知。
9.B. 他的車起初之所以未被看見，原來是隱藏在一輛大車後面了。
10.C. 從still in his car可推知答案
總之，做完型填空試題要靈活運用所學語言基礎知識。不斷總結經驗，培養
語感，掌握技巧，並持之以恆的進行訓練，纔能有所提高。
