【試題】
國際經驗與中國特色
中國作爲後發現代化國家，極其需要借鑑國際經驗。同時，在和平崛起進程中，中國又要以自己爲主，來關注和解決自己的問題。這就是說，中國的現代化一定要有中國特色。
比如，在農業問題上，中國將努力走出一條新的節約型道路，即有中國特色的節約方式。現在美國人均年消費石油25桶，而中國人均消費不到1桶半。如果中國人不顧自己的條件，異想天開想做起“美國夢”，那我們對能源急切需求就會給自己，同事也會給人類帶來沉重的負擔和無盡的麻煩。
又比如，在農村富餘勞動力的轉移上，我們將逐步走出一條中國特色的城市化道路。目前，中國農村勞動力有5億多人，今後20年大約有兩億多人要轉移出來，在這個問題上，中國人不能做“歐洲夢”。歐洲在近代歷史上，總共有6000多萬人走到世界各地，到處建立殖民地，改變了世界版圖。21世紀上半葉的中國人，只能在自己的國土上，通過城市和農村的精心協調發展，通過引導農村富餘勞動力在不喪失土地的條件下，在城鄉之間有序流動，來解決這個世界級的大難題。
【試題參考答案】
International Experience and Chinese Characteristics
As a new comer striving for modernization, China is badly in need of drawing experience from international practice. At the same time, China must rely on itself to address and resolve problems arising in the process of her peaceful rise. In other words, China’s modernization must beat its own unique characteristics.
For instance, with regard to energy issues, China is working hard to blaze a trail in energy conservation so as to shape up a China-style energy-saving approach. Currently, the American per capita annual consumption of oil is 25 barrels, while that for China is no more than a barrel and a half. Should the Chinese ignore their national conditions and indulge themselves in the wildest“American Dream”, the nation’s desperate energy demands will undoubtedly bring heavy burden and endless trouble both to the Chinese people and the humankind as a whole.
Similarly, over the matter of migration of superfluous rural labor force to the city, China is sure to gradually find out the way towards urbanization stamped with Chinese characteristics. At present, China has a labor force of more than 500 million in the countryside, about 200 million of whom are expected to be migrated to the urban areas in the dream the“European dream”. In modern history, Europe has seen altogether over 60 million people depart for every corner of the world to establish colonies overseas, thereby changing the map of the world. For the Chinese people in the first half of the 21st century, however, they can only tackle this formidable universal problem within its own land, first by carefully coordinating urban and rural development and secondly, by providing guided and orderly flow of redundant rural labor force between the countryside and the city without loss of their lands.
