so 和such的用法與區別

一、so是副詞,修飾形容詞和副詞;而such是形容詞,修飾名詞。它們後面都接單數可數名詞,但詞序不同。

so 和such的用法與區別

的詞序爲:so+adj.+a(an)+n.

的詞序爲:such+a(an)+adj.+n.

它們可以表達同樣的意思,因此它們可以進行同義改寫。

(1)so nice a coat=such a nice coat 這麼漂亮的一件外套

(2)so interesting a book=such an interesting book 那麼有趣的.一本書

注意:後面接複數名詞或不可數名詞時,只能用such,而不能用so。例如:

(1)such beautiful flowers 這麼美麗的花

(2)such clever children 如此聰明的孩子

但是,複數名詞或不可數名詞前有many,few,much,little修飾時,只能用so而不能用such,這是一種固定用法。例如:

(1)so many books 這麼多的書

(2)so few people 這麼少的人

(3)so much money 那麼多的錢

(4)so little milk 那麼少的牛奶

二、和that連用時,意思基本一樣,但句型結構不同。...句型結構爲:

+adj.(adv.)+that...

+adj.+a(an)+單數名詞+that...

+many(few)+複數名詞+that...

+much(little)+不可數名詞+that...例如:

(1)This book is so interesting that I have read it three times.這本書如此有趣,我已經看了三遍。

(2)He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.他說得太快,我們都未能聽懂他的話。

(3)It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.天氣很熱,誰都不想幹活。

(4)There were so many people that we could hardly move on.這麼多人,我們簡直無法繼續往前走。

...句型結構爲:

+a(an)+adj.+單數名詞+that...

+adj.+複數名詞+that...

+adj.+不可數名詞+that...例如:

(1)She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.她是個很可愛的小姑娘,大家都喜歡她。

(2)They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two.這麼可口的蛋糕,我還想再吃兩塊。

(3)It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it.這麼香的牛奶,我們都想喝。

注意:由於so和such後跟單數可數名詞時,可以換用,同樣...與...也可以進行同義句改寫。如上文中:This book is so interesting that I have read it three times.可改寫成:This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times. It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.可改寫成:It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

三、so與that可以直接構成詞組so that,引導目的狀語從句和結果狀語從句,表示“以便、以至”的意思。例如:

He worked hard so that he could pass theexams.爲了能通過考試,他學習很認真。(但such沒有這種用法。)