(上海牛津版)初一英語同步輔導(含同步練習)Unit 3

Unit 3

相關語法:

1、祈使句

2、現在進行時態及用法

3、情態動詞can 的用法及相關句型

Unit 3 語言項目

[相關語法]

一、 祈使句:

定義:表示命令與請求的句子

分類:

1、Don’ t + 動詞原形→ Don’ t talk. 不許講話。

2、No +名詞→ No photos. 不許拍照。

3、No + 動ing→ No smoking. 禁止吸菸。

4、動詞直接開頭 Look at the sign. 看標誌牌。

二、現在進行時態及用法

1、現在分詞的變化規律

(1)直接在行爲動詞之後加-ing 。如: eat- eating , study – studying , work – working, play – playing 等。

(2)以不發音的e結尾的,去e後加- ing 。 如: write – writing, close – closing, come- coming, make – making 等。若結尾的e 發音,就不能去掉。如:see - seeing等。

(3)以一個元音字母加上一個輔音字母結尾,且該音節爲重讀閉音節時,要雙寫詞尾字母,然後加- ing 。如: get – getting, sit – sitting, run – running, put – putting, swim –swimming, begin – beginning等。若結尾是元音字母加輔音字母組合,就直接加 –ing 。如:drawing, playing等。

2、現在進行時的句式變化

肯定句式:主語+be (am , is , are )+ 現在分詞+其它。

否定句式:主語+ be(am, is , are )+ not +現在分詞 + 其它。

一般疑問句:Be (Am , Is , Are )+主語+現在分詞+其它?

特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be (am, is , are )+ 主語 + 現在分詞+其它?

3、在實際運用時,現在進行時常用以下幾種情況:

(1)當句子中有now時,常表示動作正在進行,這時要用現在進行時。如:They are playing basketball . 現在他們正在打籃球。

(2)以look, listen 開頭的句子,提示我們動作正在進行,這時要用現在進行時。如:Listen ! She is singing a song.聽,她正在唱歌。Look ! They are drawing 看!他們在畫畫。

(3)表示當前一段時間或現階段正在進行的動作,且此時有this week , these days等時間狀語,這時常用現在進行時。如:These days we are making plane model. 這些天我們在做飛機模型。

三、can的用法

(1)情態動詞can用來表示“請求”或“允許”。如:Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行車嗎?用作一般的請求時,其肯定回答可以是Of course you can , 也可不用情態動詞,如:Yes, please./Of course . /Certainly./sure. 其否定回答可以是 No, you can’t也可以是I’ m afraid not .如:-Can I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的鋼筆嗎?-Yes you can. / Yes , please.可以。/可以,請用吧。(-No, you can’t . / I’m afraid not. 不行。/恐怕不行。)

(2)情態動詞 can 可用來表示“可能性”。如:It can be dangerous. 這可能有危險。

(3)I can paint 我會畫畫。

can是情態動詞,意爲“能,會”。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化,即主語可以是任意人稱。情態動詞不能獨立作謂語,常與動詞原形一起構成謂語,表示說話人的語氣和情態。如:He can come. 他能來。(肯定句)I can’ t see the words on the blackboard. 我看不見黑板上的單詞。(否定句)-- Can he write ? 他會寫字嗎?(一般疑問句)-- Yes , he can 是的,他會。-- No ,he can’t .不,他不會。

關於交通方式的說法:

How do you go to the park? 你怎麼去公園?

I go to the park by bus . 我乘公共汽車去公園。

I go to the park by car. 我坐汽車去公園。

用“by +交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。此時交通工具的名詞只能用單數,不能用複數,也不能被冠詞或物主代詞等修飾。如:by bike 騎自行車,by bus 乘公共汽車,by underground乘地鐵,by car 乘汽車,by train 乘火車,by ship乘船,by plane乘飛機等。

Kally walks to school. 凱麗走着去學校

此句的同義句是:Kally goes to school on foot.

walk to 意爲“走着去……”。

表示“步行去某地”,可用下列兩種句式:

(1)go to + 某地+ on foot 。如:She goes to work on foot. 她步行去上班。

(2)walk to +某地。如:He walks to school every day .= He goes to school on foot every day. 他每天步行去上學。

注意:

①walk不可與on foot連用。如上述例句不可說成:He walks to school on foot every day.

②walk to 後接地點副詞here, there , home 時,介詞to要省去。如:I usually walk home.我通常步行回家。

語言目標:

Don ’t ride your bicycles here .不許在這兒騎自行車。

No bicycles .禁止騎自行車。

No ball games after 5 p.m. 五點以後禁止玩球。

Can you swim? 你會游泳嗎?

Yes ,I can.是的,我會。

No , I can’t .不,我不會。

What can you do? 你會做什麼?

I can play football .我會踢足球。

I can’t ride a horse. 我不會騎馬。

What ’s the boy doing? 這個男孩在做什麼?

He is singing . 他在唱歌。

You can’t play ball games in the classroom.你不可以在教室裏玩球。

【模擬試題】(答題時間:40分鐘)

一、字母組詞

1. All the students must _______(e r a d ) the passages three times.

2. The cook is ______(o o k c i n g ).

3. Do you like ______(i w n r g t i )?

4. It takes me 2 days to _____(d a w r ) the picture.

5. Can you _____ (i d v e ) ? No, I can’t.

6. It’s dangerous to play on the ______(o r d a ).

7. There are many books in our school _____(i b a l r y r ).

8. Look! It is ______(a i r i n g n).

9. You must look left and right before you_____(r o c s s ) the road.

10. Where’s the _______(o i t l t e )? It’s over there .

二、選擇並抄寫單詞

1. Can we _____(look , watch ) television?

2. You _____ (can , can’t ) make a noise in the library.

3. There ______(is , isn’t ) any tea in the bag.

4. ______ (Look , See )! They are coming.

5. There’s the ______(red , green)light ,you can cross the road now.

6. __________(How , What) do you come to school ?

7. I go to the park _______ (by , on ) car.

8. Kally _______ (walk ,walks ) to the shop .

9. How long does it _______(take , cost ) from here to the library?

10. Shall we travel by ________ (taxi , foot ) ?

三、單項填空

1. Look ! They _____ in the library .

A. are read B. read C. can read D. are reading

2. ---You can’t play games in the office . ---___________.

A. I’m sorry B. Yes C. N o ,I can D. Thank you

3. You can’t _______ in the classroom.

A. write B. read C. play football D. study

4. There _____ a book and two pencils on my desk.

A. is B. are C. be D. isn’t

5. --- Can I play in the street ?

--- ________ . It ’ s dangerous.

A. Yes , you can B. No , you can’t

C. Yes , please D. No, thanks

6. I go to the library _______.

A. on feet B. by foot C. on foot D. on a foot

7. -- _________ do you come here ?

-- On a school bus .

A. Where B. Why C. What D. How

8. I go to school by bus , Peter ______ by taxi .

A. go B. is going C. goes D. to go

9. Does Kitty go to Beijing________?

A. by a car B. on car C. by cars D. by car

10. I fly to Shanghai means_______.

A. I walk to Shanghai B. I go to Shanghai by car

C. I go to Shanghai by air D. I go to Shanghai on air

四、同義句轉換

1. You can’t smoke in the hall . ________ smoke in the hall .

2. Why not ride a bicycle ? ______ _______ _________ ride a bicycle?

3. It’s five thirty now. It’s _____ ______ five now .

4. Do you have any apples? _____you _____any apples?

【試題答案】

一、1. read 2. cooking 3. writing 4. draw 5. dive 6. road

7. library 8. raining 9. cross 10. toilet

二、1. watch 2. can’t 3. isn’t 4. Look 5. green 6. How

7. by 8. walks 9. take 10. taxi

三、1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C

7. D 8. C 9. D 10. C

四、1. Don’t 2. Why don’t you

3. half past 4. Have got